Adverbs (Kata Keterangctau kata tambahan) adalah kata yang menjelaskan bagaimana caranya, di mana tempatnya, kapan waktunya, berapa kali dan sebagainya, suatu pekerjaan dilakukan atau suatu peristiwa terjadi.
Fungsi Adverbs:
1. Adverbs menerangkan kata kerja (Verbs)
• They work hard. (hard menerangkan work)
• She speaks French fluently.
2. Adverbs menerangkan kata sifat (Adjectives)
• Mr. Alex is very rich. (very menerangkan rich)
• This coffee is too hot to drink.
3. Adverbs menerangkan Kata Depan (Prepositions)
• The cat is sitting almost outside the door. (almost menerangkan outside)
• I arrived there long before the time.
4. Adverbs menerangkan kata keterangan lainnya (Adverbs)
• I can swim very well. (very menerangkan well)
• You worked too hard.
5. Adverbs menerangkan Kata Sambung (Conjunctions)
• I can see clearly how she killed her mother. (clearly menerangkan how)
• I arrived at home precisely before the rain fell.
6. Adverbs menerangkan keseluruhan kalimat
• Yesterday, we saw your boyfriend in the mall.
• Unfortunately, the boy was killed in the end of the film
PEMBENTUKAN KATA KETERANGAN (ADVERBS)
Ada beberapa cara untuk membentuk Adverbs. Perhatikan berikut ini:
1. Dengan menambahkan "ly" pada akhir Adjectives.
• beautiful - beautifully
• smart - smartly
• serious - seriously
• slow - slowly
• dll
2. Ada juga beberapa Adverbs yang memiliki bentuk yang sama dengan Adjectives-nya.
• fast - fast
• hard - hard
• free - free
• dll
3. Ada juga 1 kata sifat yang memiliki bentuk yang berbeda pada Adverbs-nya
• good - well
ADVERBS dibagi dalam 3 golongan, yaitu:
1. Simple Adverbs
2. Interrogative Adverbs
3. Relative Adverbs
PENJELASAN
1. Simple Adverbs
Golongan ini terbagi lagi menjadi:
1). Adverbs of Time (Keterangan Waktu)
Kata keterangan waktu yang sering dipakai adalah: now, then, ago, since, before, already, soon, immediately, instantly, presently, late, lately, early, afterwards, today, yesterday, tomorrow, dsb..
• Press the button now.
• I have never been.
• I tell him daily.
2). Adverbs of Place (Keterangan Tempat)
Adverbs ya ng sering dipakai adalah: here, there, hence, thence, above, below, beside, in, on, inside, outside, far, near, dll.
• Daisies grow everywhere.
• I did not put it there.
3). Adverbs of Number (Kata Keterangan Bilangan)
Adverbs yang sering dipakai adalah: once, twice, thrice, again, firstly, never, often, sometimes, dll
• I go to school five times a week
• You have to take the medicine twice a day.
4). Adverbs of Manner, Quality, State (Kata Keterangan Cara, Kualitas, dan Keadaan)
Adverbs yang sering dipakai adalah: well, seriously, probably, thus, so, dll.
• I can finish the work quickly
• He ran fast
5). Adverbs of Quantity, Extent, Degree (Kata Keterangan Kuantitas, Taraf, Tingkat)
Adverbs yang sering dipakai adalah much, too, enough, very, somewhat, rather, completely, dll.
• You are quite right
• You are young enough to be an acctress.
2. Interrogative Adverbs
Adverbs jenis ini terbagi lagi menjadi:
1). Adverbs of Time
• When did you came?
• How long will you stay at the hotel?
2). Adverbs of Place
• Where do you live?
• Whence did you come?
3). Adverbs of Number
• How often do you come to her house?
4). Adverbs of Manner, Quality, State
• How did you do the homework?
• How are you today?
5). Adverbs of Quantity, Extent, Degree
• How far was the news true?
6). Adverbs of Cause and Effect
• Why did he leave?
• Wherefore did she weep?
3. Relative Adverbs
Adverbs jenis ini berhubungan dengan:
1). Antecedent (Kata yang mendahului) Dinyatakan
• This is the hotel where she stays at
• let me know the time when you will leave for London
2). Antecedent Dimengerti
• This is where she stays at
• let me know when you will leave for London.
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